Resumen
The present work investigates the seasonal variation in the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils of the leaves of four Salvia species natives of Baja California, Mexico: Salvia apiana, Salvia clevelandii, Salvia munzii, and Salvia pachyphylla. Camphor and 1,8-cineole were the secondary metabolites with the highest concentrations in the four species throughout the four seasons. In general, the monoterpenoid percentage was greater than that of sesquiterpenoids in the oil composition. The antioxidant activity was measured by various methods: 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•), 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS•+) and β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assay. This antioxidant evaluation revealed that this activity depended on the type of metabolites present in the oil and their concentrations, which varied during the four seasons. These results suggest that the essential oil from these Salvias could represent a source of new products with potential use within the food preservation, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
Citas
Abu-Darwish, M. S., Cabral, C., Ferreira, I. V., Gonҫalves, M. J., Cavaleiro, C., Cruz, M. T., Al-bdour, T. H., & Salgueiro, L. (2013). Essential oil of common Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) from Jordan: assessment of safety in mammalian cells and its antifungal and anti-inflammatory potential. Biomed Research International, 2013, 538940. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/538940
Borek, T. T., Hochrein, J. M., & Irwin, A. N. (2006). Composition of the essential oil of white sage, Salvia apiana. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 21(4), 571-572. https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1758
Burda, S., & Oleszek, W. (2001). Antioxidant and antiradical activities of flavonoids. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49(6), 2774-2779. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf001413m
Cvetkovikj, I., Stefkov, G., Karapandzova, M., & Kulevanova, S. (2015). Essential oil composition of Salvia fruticosa Mill. Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 61(1), 19-26.
Davis, G. W., Richardson, D. M., Keeley, J. E., & Hobbs, R. J. (1996). Mediterranean-type ecosystems: The influence of biodiversity on their functioning. In H. A. Mooney, J. H. Cushman, E. Medina, O. E. Sala, & E. D. Schulze (Eds.), Functional Roles of Biodiversity: A Global Perspective, (Vol. 7, pp. 151-183). John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
European Pharmacopoeia Online 8.0. (2016, January 15). http://www.fptl.ru/biblioteka/farmakopei/evropeyskaya_farmakopeya_8_vol-1.pdf
Fu, Z., Wang, H., Hu, X., Sun, Z., & Han, C. (2013). The pharmacological properties of Salvia essential oils. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 3(4), 122-127. https://doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2013.3423
Ghalandarnejad, M., Reza-Akhgar, M., & Rajaei, P. (2014). Chemical composition of the essential oil from the aerial parts of Ixiolirion tataricum (Pall). Herb. International Journal of Advanced Biological Research, 2(2), 105-109.
Guerrero, I. C., Andrés, L. S., León, L. G., Machín, R. P., Padrón, J. M., Luis, J. G., & Delgadillo, J. (2006). Abietane diterpenoids from Salvia pachyphylla and S. clevelandii with cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines. Journal of Natural Products, 69(12), 1803-1805. https://doi.org/10.1021/np060279i
Kamatou, G. P. P., Makunga, N. P., Ramogola, W. P. N., & Viljoen, A. M. (2008 a). South African Salvia species: A review of biological activities and phytochemistry. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 119(4), 664-672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.06.030
Kamatou, G. P. P., Van Zyl, R. L., Van Vuuren, S. F., Figueiredo, A. C., Barroso, J. G., Pedro, L. G., & Viljoen, A. M. (2008 b). Seasonal variation in essential oil composition, oil toxicity and the biological activity of solvent extracts of three South African Salvia species. South African Journal of Botany, 74(2), 230-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2007.08.002
Kuskoski, E. M., Asuero, A. G., García-Parrilla, M. C., Troncoso, A. M., & Fett, R. (2004). Actividad antioxidante de pigmentos antociánicos. Food Science and Technology, 24(4), 691-693. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-20612004000400036
Luis, J. G. (1991). Chemistry, biogenesis and chemotaxonomy of the diterpenoids of Salvia. In J. B. Harborne & F. A. Tomas-Barberan (Eds.), Ecological Chemistry and Biochemistry of Plant Terpenoids, (Vol. 31, pp. 63-82). Claredon Press.
Müller, L., Fröhlich, K., & Böhm, V. (2011). Comparative antioxidant activities of carotenoids measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ABTS bleaching assay (αTEAC), DPPH assay and peroxyl radical scavenging assay. Food Chemistry, 129(1), 139-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.04.045
Neisess, K. R., Scora, R. W., & Kumamoto, J. (1987). Volatile leaf oils of California Salvias. Journal of Natural Products, 50(3), 515-517. https://doi.org/10.1021/np50051a035
Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M., & Rice-Evans, C. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 26(9-10), 1231-1237. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00315-3
Riordan, E. C., & Rundel, P. W. (2014). Land use compounds habitat losses under projected climate change in a threatened California ecosystem. PLoS ONE, 9(1), e86487. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086487
Santos-Gomez, P. C., & Fernandes-Ferreira, M. (2001). Organ- and season-dependent variation in the essential oil composition of Salvia officinalis L. cultivated at two different sites. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49(6), 2908-2916. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf001102b
Sharifi-Rad, J., Sureda, A., Tenore, G. C., Daglia, M., Sharifi-Rad, M., Valussi, M., ... Iriti, M. (2017). Biological activities of essential oils: From plant chemoecology to traditional healing systems. Molecules, 22(1), 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22010070
Srinivas, S. R. (1986). Atlas of Essential Oils (Ed. Bronx, New York). Published by author.
Tepe, B., Eminagaoglu, O., Akpulat, H. A., & Aydin, E. (2007). Antioxidant potentials and rosmarinic acid levels of the methanolic extracts of Salvia verticillata (L.) subsp. verticillata and S. verticillata (L.) subsp. amasiaca (Freyn & Bornm.) Bornm. Food Chemistry, 100(3), 985-989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.10.062
Tucker, A. O., Maciarello, M. J., & Clebsch, B. B. (1996). Volatile leaf oil of Salvia clevelandii (Gray) Greene “Winifred Gilman”. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 8(6), 669-670. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1996.9701038
Villaseñor, J. L. (2004). Los géneros de plantas vasculares de la flora de México. Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México, 75, 105-135.
Walker, J. B., Systma, K. J., Treutlein, J., & Wink, M. (2004). Salvia (Lamiaceae) is not monophyletic: Implications for the systematics, radiation and ecological specializations of Salvia and tribe Menthe
Wester, P., & Claßen-Bockhoff, R. (2007). Floral diversity and pollen transfer mechanisms in bird-pollinated Salvia species. Annals of Botany, 100(3), 401-421. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcm036
Wu, Y. B., Ni, Z. Y., Shi, Q. W., Dong, M., Kiyota, H., Gu, Y. C., & Cong, B. (2012). Constituents from Salvia species and their biological activities. Chemical Reviews, 112(11), 5967-6026. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr200058f
Revista Bio Ciencias por Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit se encuentra bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Unported.
Basada en una obra en http://biociencias.uan.edu.mx/.
Permisos que vayan más allá de lo cubierto por esta licencia pueden encontrarse en http://editorial.uan.edu.mx/index.php/BIOCIENCIAS.licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 4.0 Internacional