Resumen
El Agave salmiana es un maguey endémico de México, su principal producto es el pulque, fermento del aguamiel. Cuando el aguamiel se agota, las pencas del maguey se utilizan como forraje para ganado. El objetivo fue elaborar y evaluar extractos de pencas de maguey, para ello se utilizó agua caliente y tres estadios de pencas, sin raspar (SR), siendo raspado (RM) y completamente raspado (RC). A los extractos se les cuantificó el contenido de compuestos fenólicos, ácido ascórbico, capacidad antioxidante (DPPH) y actividad quelante, durante su elaboración y hasta 8 meses de almacenamiento. El contenido de compuestos fenólicos (2913.33±277.9 mg AG/L), ácido ascórbico (758.02±56.57 mg AA/L) y la capacidad antioxidante (930.7±44.09 µmol ET/L) aumentaron durante la elaboración de los extractos. Se cuantificó un 12.6-16.4% de fibra dietética en los extractos. Además, se identificaron compuestos fenólicos (kaempferol y quercetina) en los 3 extractos elaborados. Durante su almacenamiento aumentaron los compuestos fenólicos y su capacidad antioxidante al final del octavo mes en los extractos RM y RC. Se concluye que las pencas de maguey Agave salmiana se pueden emplear para obtener extractos acuosos ricos en compuestos bioactivos con capacidad antioxidante y fibra dietética, sustancias implicadas en el tratamiento y prevención de enfermedades.
Citas
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