Resumen
Entre los contaminantes más dañinos para el medio ambiente y la salud humana se destacan los contaminantes emergentes, incluyendo diversos plaguicidas utilizados ampliamente en la agricultura, los cuales presentan efectos genotóxicos y citotóxicos. La biorremediación se perfila como una solución prometedora para mitigar estos efectos adversos. En esta revisión sistemática y análisis cienciométrico, se empleó el modelo PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) para identificar las especies bacterianas más utilizadas en la biorremediación de cuerpos de agua contaminados con plaguicidas. Se utilizó la base de datos SCOPUS y herramientas como R Studio y VOSviewer para el análisis. Los resultados revelan que los plaguicidas organofosforados, especialmente el clorpirifos, son los más investigados para la degradación microbiana, destacando el uso de especies bacterianas como Pseudomonas, Enterobacter y Bacillus. Además, el análisis cienciométrico resalta la alta producción científica en países como China, Dinamarca y Egipto, proporcionando una visión integral sobre las contribuciones y colaboraciones clave en este campo. También se identificaron los principales investigadores, las comunidades científicas con mayor impacto y los centros de investigación líderes, generando un mapa detallado de las contribuciones y colaboraciones internacionales en este ámbito crítico de la biotecnología.
Citas
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