Resumen
Los líquenes son asociaciones complejas constituidas principalmente por un micobionte y un fotobionte, diversos estudios han demostrado la presencia de bacterias asociadas a esta simbiosis, sin embargo, en Guanajuato la investigación a este nivel es escasa. El objetivo de este estudio fue aislar e identificar bacterias asociadas a líquenes del estado de Guanajuato. Se realizó un muestreo aleatorio de 21 líquenes en el área recreativa “Las palomas”, las muestras fueron identificadas morfológica y químicamente, las bacterias fueron aisladas e identificadas en diferentes medios de cultivo sólidos. Los aislamientos obtenidos se identificaron mediante tinción Gram y secuenciación del gen 16S ADNr. Se registraron un total de 11 líquenes foliosos, 5 fruticosos y 5 costrosos, de los cuales destacan los géneros Punctelia, Parmelia y Dendrographa. De las 23 cepas bacterianas aisladas el filo Proteobacteria fue el más abundante (52.2%), seguido del de Firmicutes (39.1%) y Actinobacteria (8.7%), provenientes principalmente de líquenes foliosos y fruticosos. Se identificaron géneros como Mesorhizobium sp., Paenibacillus sp., Bacillus sp., Acinetobacter sp. y Stutzerimonas sp. La descripción de bacterias asociadas a líquenes contribuye al conocimiento de la diversidad microbiana, determinar las probables funciones que desempeñan dentro de los líquenes queda por ser establecido.
Citas
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