Resumen
Escherichia coli es un patógeno de importancia en salud pública, por las enfermedades gastrointestinales que causa, se encuentra en distintos tipos de alimentos, la carne es un reservorio de E. coli multirresistente que se transmite al humano por el consumo de carne contaminada. además, es utilizada como un indicador para el monitoreo de la resistencia antimicrobiana (RAM) en la industria alimentaria. Por ello, en este estudió se realizó una revisión sistemática de artículos publicados del 2013 al 2024, siguiendo las guías PRISMA, fueron seleccionados 34 artículos para un análisis cuantitativo, sobre aspectos de la resistencia de E. coli en carne de res y cerdo. El análisis de los reportes evidenció resistencia para E. coli a antibióticos de las familias de b-lactámicos (38.4%), tetraciclinas (13.8%) y aminoglucósidos (12.7%). Mientras que, los genes con mayor frecuencia reportada fueron blaCTX-M (23.5%), blaTEM (15.0%), tet(A) (8.9%), tet(B) (6.2%) y aacC2 (5.6%). Finalmente, los arreglos de genes más frecuentes en los integrones tipo 1 fueron dfrA1-aadA1, dfrA17-aadA5 y dfrA12-aadA2. El presente estudio revela información relevante referente a la resistencia fenotípica y genotípica que se reporta para E. coli en carne de cerdo y de res, e indaga en la importancia que tienen los integrones tipo 1 para la propagación de genes de resistencia.
Citas
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