Abstract
Escherichia coli is a pathogen of public health concern due to the gastrointestinal diseases it causes. It is present in various food types, with meat serving as a reservoir of multidrug-resistant E. coli that can be transmitted to humans through the consumption of contaminated meat. Additionally, it is used as an indicator to monitor antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the food industry. Therefore, this study conducted a systematic review of articles published between 2013 and 2024, following the PRISMA guidelines. Thirty-four articles were selected for a quantitative analysis of E. coli resistance in beef and pork. The report analysis showed resistance to antibiotics from the β-lactam (38.4%), tetracycline (13.8 %), and aminoglycoside (12.7 %) families. Moreover, the most frequently occurring resistance genes were blaCTX-M (23.5 %), blaTEM (15.0 %), tet(A) (8.9 %), tet(B) (6.2 %), and aacC2 (5.6 %). Finally, the most common gene arrangements in type 1 integrons were dfrA1-aadA1, dfrA17-aadA5, and dfrA12-aadA2. This study provides valuable information about the phenotypic and genotypic resistance reported in E. coli from pork and beef, and also examines the role of type 1 integrons in the spread of resistance genes.
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