Palabras clave
grasa
lactosa
residuos
contaminantes
Cómo citar
Métricas de PLUMX
Resumen
En la realización de este estudio las muestras de leche entera se tomaron del estante del supermercado durante los meses de enero a diciembre de 2024, en intervalos de 30 días, el objetivo fue evaluar la calidad nutricional, presencia de aflatoxina M1 y antibiótico. Se analizaron 24 muestras de leche orgánica entera ultrapasteurizadas y 36 muestras de leche convencional entera ultrapasteurizadas, haciendo un total de 60 muestras. Todas las muestras de leche colectadas fueron analizadas en el laboratorio de análisis de lácteos de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de México, México. La composición se obtuvo en cada muestra de leche mediante espectroscopía infrarroja, utilizando un Milkoscan minor (FOSS Electric, Hilleroed, Dinamarca). Para la determinación de antibióticos y aflatoxina M1 se utilizó el método rápido basado en la tecnología de inmunocromatografía de oro coloidal. Los datos obtenidos en este estudio evidencian que las muestras de leche (orgánicas y convencionales) cumplen con la legislación mexicana en términos de composición. Las pruebas analizadas de antibióticos y aflatoxinas M1 en todas las leches analizadas resultaron negativas. Un alimento orgánico o convencional en particular puede ser superior, inferior o igual en un nutriente, residuo y contaminante específico en comparación con su alimento equivalente.
Citas
Alahlah, N., El Maadoudi, M., Bouchriti, N., Triqui, R., & Bougtaib, H. (2020). Aflatoxin M1 in UHT and powder milk marketed in the northern area of Morocco. Food Control, 114, Article 107262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107262
Azevedo, R. A., Lage, C. F. A., Silper, B. F., Diniz Neto, H. C., Quigley, J. D., & Coelho, S. G. (2023). Invited review: Total solids concentration in milk or milk replacer for dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 106(11), 7341–7351. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2023-23372
Bento de Carvalho, T., Silva, B. N., Tomé, E., & Teixeira, P. (2024). Preventing Fungal Spoilage from Raw Materials to Final Product: Innovative Preservation Techniques for Fruit Fillings. Foods, 13(17), Article 2669. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13172669
Bórawski, P., Bórawski, M. B., Parzonko, A., Wicki, L., Rokicki, T., Perkowska, A., & Dunn, J. W. (2021). Development of Organic Milk Production in Poland on the Background of the EU. Agriculture, 11(4), Article 323. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11040323
Boschiero, M., De Laurentiis, V., Caldeira, C., & Sala, S. (2023). Comparison of organic and conventional cropping systems: A systematic review of life cycle assessment studies. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 102, Article 107187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2023.107187
Brodziak, A., Król, J., Litwińczuk, Z., & Barłowska, J. (2018). Differences in bioactive protein and vitamin status of milk from certified organic and conventional farms. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 71(2), 321–332. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0307.12462
Brodziak, A., Wajs, J., Zuba-Ciszewska, M., Król, J., Stobiecka, M., & Jańczuk, A. (2021). Organic versus Conventional Raw Cow Milk as Material for Processing. Animals, 11(10), Article 2760. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102760
Dias, K., Garcia, S., Islam, M. & Clark, C. (2019). Milk Yield, Milk Composition, and the Nutritive Value of Feed Accessed Varies with Milking Order for Pasture-Based Dairy Cattle. Animals, 9(2), 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9020060
Fakhri, Y., Ghorbani, R., Taghavi, M., Keramati, H., Amanidaz, N., Moradi, B., Nazari, S. H., Shariatifar, N., & Khaneghah, A. M. (2019). Concentration and Prevalence of Aflatoxin M1 in Human Breast Milk in Iran: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Carcinogenic Risk Assessment: A Review. Journal of Food Protection, 82(5), 785–795. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-18-367
Galgano, F., Tolve, R., Colangelo, M. A., Scarpa, T., Caruso, M. C., & Yildiz, F. (2016). Conventional and organic foods: A comparison focused on animal products. Cogent Food & Agriculture, Article 1142818. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2016.1142818
Gama, L. S., Amante, E. R., Rodrigues, A., & Meller, L. H. (2022). World scenario for the valorization of byproducts of buffalo milk production chain. Journal of Cleaner Production, 364, Article 132605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132605
German, J. B., Lebrilla, C., & Mills, D. A. (2022). Milk: A Scientific Model for Diet and Health Research in the 21st Century. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.922907
Giampieri, F., Mazzoni, L., Cianciosi, D., Alvarez-Suarez, J. M., Regolo, L., Sánchez, C., Capocasa, F., Xiao, J., Mezzetti, B., & Battino, M. (2022). Organic vs conventional plant-based foods: A review. Food Chemistry, 383, Article 132352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132352
Gonzales, J. A., Tirado, V. A., Abanto, M. S., Aldana, W. L., & Palacios, C. M. (2023). Worldwide research on the health effects of bovine milk containing A1 and A2 β-casein: Unraveling the current scenario and future trends through bibliometrics and text mining. Current Research in Food Science, 7, Article 100602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100602
Gurtu, A., Salunke, P., & Debnath, T. K. (2023). Bird’s eye view of the global dairy industry: overview of milk-producing countries, dairy processes and cost comparison. International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology, 19(1), 22–40. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJARGE.2023.133330
Gutiérrez, R., Vega, S., Schettino, B., Pérez, J. J., Ruíz, J. L., Radilla, C. C., & Del Muro, R. (2022). Ácidos grasos y ácido linoleico conjugado en leche orgánica producida en el sureste de México. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 27(2), Article e2541. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.2541
Han, B., Zhang, L., & Zhou, P. (2022). Comparison of milk fat globule membrane protein profile among bovine, goat and camel milk based on label free proteomic techniques. Food Research International, 162, Article 112097. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112097
Huaraca, R., Tapia, F., Mescco, E., Mamani, G., & Alarcón, J. (2024). Calidad nutricional y oligoelementos en la leche de vaca e hato libre en zonas rurales altoandinos del sur de Perú. Revista Alfa, 8(24), 1082–1097. https://doi.org/10.33996/revistaalfa.v8i24.325
Kasapidou, E., Stergioudi, R.A., Papadopoulos, V., Mitlianga, P., Papatzimos, G., Karatzia, M.A., Amanatidis, M., Tortoka, V., Tsiftsi, E., Aggou, A., & Basdagianni, Z. (2023). Effect of Farming System and Season on Proximate Composition, Fatty Acid Profile, Antioxidant Activity, and Physicochemical Properties of Retail Cow Milk. Animals, 13(23), Article 3637. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13233637
Kashongwe, O. B., Bebe, B. O., Matofari, J. W., & Huelsebusch, C. G. (2017). Effects of feeding practices on milk yield and composition in peri-urban and rural smallholder dairy cow and pastoral camel herds in Kenya. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 49(5), 909–914. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-017-1270-3
Katt, F., & Meixner, O. (2020). A systematic review of drivers influencing consumer willingness to pay for organic food. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 100, 374–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.04.029
Kiczorowska, B., Samolińska, W., Marczuk, J., Winiarska, A., Klebaniuk, R., Kowalczuk, E., Kiczorowski, P., & Zasadna, Z. (2017). Comparative effects of organic, traditional, and intensive production with probiotics on the fatty acid profile of cow’s milk. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 63, 157–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2017.08.002
Knorr, D. (2024). Organic agriculture and foods: advancing process-product integrations. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 64(23), 8480–8492. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2023.2200829
Kona, S. S., Ravikiran, G., Sasidhar, P. V., Sivakumar, A. V., & Rao, V. H. (2025). Perspectives in milk production in India. Theriogenology, 231, 116–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.10.001
Kumar, D., Ravisankar, N., & Panghal, A. (2023). Transforming Organic Agri-Produce into Processed Food Products. Apple Academic Press. https://www.appleacademicpress.com/transforming-organic-agri-produce-into-processed-food-products-post-covid-19-challenges-and-opportunities/9781774911921
Lakstiņa, J., Ciproviča, I., & Zagorska, J. (2023). Macroelement Seasonal Variations in Latvian Organic Milk. Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences, 77(3–4), 199–203. https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2023-0028
Lambrini, K., Frantzana, A., Koukourikos, K., Iliadis, C., Papathanasiou, V., & Tsaloglidou, Areti. (2020). Milk Nutritional Composition and Its Role in Human Health. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.17265/2328-2150/2021.01.002
Linehan, K., Patangia, D., Ross, R., & Stanton, C. (2024). Production, Composition and Nutritional Properties of Organic Milk: A Critical Review. Foods, 13(4), Article 550. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13040550
Londono, J., Blandon, S., Montoya, J., Betancourt, P., Castillo, S., Arboleda, C., & Vallejo, D. (2024). Antibiotic residues and microbial contamination in pasteurized whole milk intended for human consumption. Veterinary World, 720–727. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.720-727
Lopez, A., Moretti, V. M., Demartini, E., Rossi, R., Ratti, S., & Bellagamba, F. (2024). Fat quality, sensory properties and consumers preference towards different commercial labels for bovine milk from retail market. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 59(7), 4738–4754. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.17201
López, M. P., & Celis, E. E. (2024). Evolución del Etiquetado Nutricional y Frontal: Hitos históricos en Colombia y el mundo. Revista Colombiana de Investigaciones Agroindustriales, 11(2), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.23850/24220582.5994
Magan, J. B., O′Callaghan, T. F., Kelly, A. L., & McCarthy, N. A. (2021). Compositional and functional properties of milk and dairy products derived from cows fed pasture or concentrate‐based diets. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 20(3), 2769–2800. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12751
Maity, S., Bhat, A. H., Giri, K., & Ambatipudi, K. (2020). BoMiProt: A database of bovine milk proteins. Journal of Proteomics, 215, Article 103648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103648
Manuelian, C. L., Vigolo, V., Burbi, S., Righi, F., Simoni, M., & De Marchi, M. (2022). Detailed comparison between organic and conventional milk from Holstein-Friesian dairy herds in Italy. Journal of Dairy Science, 105(7), 5561–5572. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2021-21465
Marangoni, F., Pellegrino, L., Verduci, E., Ghiselli, A., Bernabei, R., Calvani, R., Cetin, I., Giampietro, M., Perticone, F., Piretta, L., Giacco, R., La Vecchia, C., Brandi, M. L., Ballardini, D., Banderali, G., Bellentani, S., Canzone, G., Cricelli, C., Faggiano, P., … Poli, A. (2019). Cow’s Milk Consumption and Health: A Health Professional’s Guide. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 38(3), 197–208. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2018.1491016
Matailo, S. R., & Zaruma, J. A. (2023). Determinación de antibióticos en leche cruda bovina en el centro de acopio de la parroquia Ludo, cantón Sígsig. Anatomía Digital, 6(3.1), 74–91. https://doi.org/10.33262/anatomiadigital.v6i3.1.2658
Matias, M., Corrêa, R. M., Seraphin, S. H., Corrêa, T. C., De Castro, M. F., De Oliveira, L., Farias, A. L., Bovo, F., Fernandes, A. M., & Moro de Sousa, R. L. (2024). Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Estimate of Dietary Exposure in Cheeses from Organic and Conventional Production Systems. Journal of Food Protection, 87(5), Article 100261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100261
Mayberry, D., Ash, A., Prestwidge, D., Godde, C. M., Henderson, B., Duncan, A., Blummel, M., Ramana Reddy, Y., & Herrero, M. (2017). Yield gap analyses to estimate attainable bovine milk yields and evaluate options to increase production in Ethiopia and India. Agricultural Systems, 155, 43–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2017.04.007
Min, L., Fink, J., Li, D., Tong, X., Tang, J., Nan, X., Yu, Z., Chen, W., & Wang, G. (2021). An overview of aflatoxin B1 biotransformation and aflatoxin M1 secretion in lactating dairy cows. Animal Nutrition, 7(1), 42–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2020.11.002
Mollayusefian, I., Ranaei, V., Pilevar, Z., Cabral, M. M. S., Rostami, A., Nematolahi, A., Khedher, K. M., Thai, V. N., Fakhri, Y., & Mousavi, A. (2021). The concentration of aflatoxin M1 in raw and pasteurized milk: A worldwide systematic review and meta-analysis. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 115, 22–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.06.033
Montero, P., Ruiz, G. A., & Fossatti, A. (2021). Physicochemical characterization and correlation of raw cow’s milk according to classification assigned in Panama. Agronomía Mesoamericana, 939–948. https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v32i3.45471
Mordak, R., Kupczyński, R., Kuczaj, M., & Niżański, W. (2020). Analysis of Correlations Between Selected Blood Markers of Liver Function and Milk Composition in Cows During Late Lactation Period. Annals of Animal Science, 20(3), 871–886. https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2020-0020
Mukasafari, M. A., Mpatswenumugabo, J. P., Ndahetuye, J. B., Wredle, E., & Båge, R. (2025).
Management factors affecting milk yield, composition, and quality on smallholder dairy farms. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 57(2), 41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04294-x
NORMA Oficial Mexicana NOM-155-SCFI-2012. (2025, marzo 18). Leche-Denominaciones, especificaciones fisicoquímicas, información comercial y métodos de prueba. NORMA Oficial Mexicana NOM-155-SCFI-2012, Leche-Denominaciones, especificaciones fisicoquímicas, información comercial y métodos de prueba
NORMA Oficial Mexicana NOM-243-SSA1-2010. (2025, marzo 24). Productos y servicios. Leche, fórmula láctea, producto lácteo combinado y derivados lácteos. Disposiciones y especificaciones sanitarias. Métodos de prueba. https://dof.gob.mx/normasOficiales/4156/salud2a/salud2a.htm
Nyokabi, N. S., Luning, P. A., Phelan, J. E., Creemers, J., Lukuyu, B., Bebe, B. O., & Oosting, S. J. (2022). Intra-annual variation in feed and milk composition in smallholder dairy farms in Kenya. NJAS: Impact in Agricultural and Life Sciences, 94(1), 137–155. https://doi.org/10.1080/27685241.2022.2135391
Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos/Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura. (2020, octubre 13). Perspectivas agrícolas 2020-2029. https://www.oecd.org/es/publications/ocde-fao-perspectivas-agricolas-2020-2029_a0848ac0-es.html
Parmar, P., Lopez, N., Tobin, J. T., Murphy, E., McDonagh, A., Crowley, S. V., Kelly, A. L., & Shalloo, L. (2020). The Effect of Compositional Changes Due to Seasonal Variation on Milk Density and the Determination of Season-Based Density Conversion Factors for Use in the Dairy Industry. Foods, 9(8), Article 1004. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9081004
Pastorelli, G., Scarano, M., Speroni, M., & Attard, E. (2023). Milk quality determined using chemical analysis and microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry as a function of seasonality in two conventional Italian dairy farms. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria, 22(1), 5–12. https://doi.org/10.17306/J.AFS.1099
Phuenpong, T., Kongboonkird, M., Duangmal, K., Lerdvorasap, W., Suksawwawimon, M., Mekboonsonglarp, W., Nuamchit, J., Chantaprasarn, N., & Settachaimongkon, S. (2021). Molecular Discrimination between Organic and Conventional Liquid Milk Products in Thailand Using 1H-NMR Metabolomics Approach. Tropical Animal Science Journal, 44(4), 478–488. https://doi.org/10.5398/tasj.2021.44.4.478
Portnoy, M., & Barbano, D. M. (2021). Lactose: Use, measurement, and expression of results. Journal of Dairy Science, 104(7), 8314–8325. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2020-18706
Pour, S. H., Mahmoudi, S., Masoumi, S., Rezaie, S., Barac, A., Ranjbaran, M., Oliya, S., Mehravar, F., Sasani, E., Noorbakhsh, F., & Khodavaisy, S. (2020). Aflatoxin M1 contamination level in Iranian milk and dairy products: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World Mycotoxin Journal, 13(1), 67–82. https://doi.org/10.3920/WMJ2019.2485
Quevedo, P. A., Amador, G. G., Cantú, P. C., & Trujillo, J. A. (2018). Aflatoxin M 1 occurrence in fluid milk commercialized in Monterrey, Mexico. Journal of Food Safety, 38(6), Article e12507. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.12507
Radilla, C. C., Schettino, B. S., Pérez, J. J., Peña, E. M., Del Muro, R., González, M., & Gutiérrez, R. (2025). Calidad de leche orgánica comercializada en la Ciudad de México, México. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 30(1), Article e3575. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.3575
Ren, G., Ran, X., Zeng, R., Chen, J., Wang, Y., Mao, C., Wang, X., Feng, Y., & Yang, G. (2021). Effects of sodium selenite spray on apple production, quality, and sucrose metabolism-related enzyme activity. Food Chemistry, 339, Article 127883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127883
Rendón, M. C., Núñez, J. F., Soriano, R., Espinosa, V. E., Chávez, L. M., & Jiménez, R. A. (2019). The Social Fabric of Cheese Agroindustry: Cooperation and Competition Aspects. Sustainability, 11(10), Article 2921. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11102921
Rihn, A., Wei, X., & Khachatryan, H. (2019). Text vs. logo: Does eco-label format influence consumers’ visual attention and willingness-to-pay for fruit plants? An experimental auction approach. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 82, Article 101452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2019.101452
Saha Turna, N., & Wu, F. (2021). Aflatoxin M1 in milk: A global occurrence, intake, & exposure assessment. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 110, 183–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.093
Secretaría de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural. (2023, mayo 31). Impulsan Agricultura, ganaderos e industria fomento al consumo de leche de producción nacional. https://www.gob.mx/agricultura/prensa/impulsan-agricultura-ganaderos-e-industria-fomento-al-consumo-de-leche-de-produccion-nacional?idiom=es
Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria. (2025, enero 3). Producción de alimentos orgánicos mantiene dinamismo en México. https://www.gob.mx/senasica/prensa/produccion-de-alimentos-organicos-mantiene-dinamismo-en-mexico-387242?idiom=es
Sifuentes, J., Granella, V., Pigatto, G. M., Reiniger, L. R. S., & Costabeber, I. H. (2016). Aflatoxin M1 in pasteurized and raw milk from organic and conventional systems. Journal Für Verbraucherschutz Und Lebensmittelsicherheit, 11(4), 299–304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00003-016-1039-z
Singh, M., Sharma, R., Ranvir, S., Gandhi, K., & Mann, B. (2019). Profiling and distribution of minerals content in cow, buffalo and goat milk. Indian Journal of Dairy Science, 72(05), 480–488. https://doi.org/10.33785/IJDS.2019.v72i05.004
Smigic, N., Djekic, I., Tomasevic, I., Stanisic, N., Nedeljkovic, A., Lukovic, V., & Miocinovic, J. (2017). Organic and conventional milk – insight on potential differences. British Food Journal, 119(2), 366–376. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-06-2016-0237
Stergiadis, S., Berlitz, C. B., Hunt, B., Garg, S., Ian Givens, D., & Kliem, K. E. (2019). An update to the fatty acid profiles of bovine retail milk in the United Kingdom: Implications for nutrition in different age and gender groups. Food Chemistry, 276, 218–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.09.165
Stergiadis, S., Nørskov, N. P., Purup, S., Givens, I., & Lee, M. R. F. (2019). Comparative Nutrient Profiling of Retail Goat and Cow Milk. Nutrients, 11(10), Article 2282. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102282
Suciu, N. A., Ferrari, F., & Trevisan, M. (2019). Organic and conventional food: Comparison and future research. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 84, 49–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2018.12.008
Thaise, D., Dalzotto, F., Augusto, J., Rogério, C., Dewes, H., & Talamini, E. (2024). Are organics more nutritious than conventional foods? A comprehensive systematic review. Heliyon, 10(7), Article e28288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28288
Thiene, M., Scarpa, R., Longo, A., & Hutchinson, W. G. (2018). Types of front of pack food labels: Do obese consumers care? Evidence from Northern Ireland. Food Policy, 80, 84–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2018.09.004
Tunick, M. H., Van Hekken, D. L., Paul, M., Ingham, E. R., & Karreman, H. J. (2016). Case study: Comparison of milk composition from adjacent organic and conventional farms in the USA. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 69(1), 137–142. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0307.12284
Urkek, B., Sengul, M., Erkaya, T., & Aksakal, V. (2017). Prevalence and Comparing of Some Microbiological Properties, Somatic Cell Count and Antibiotic Residue of Organic and Conventional Raw Milk Produced in Turkey. Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources, 37(2), 264–273. https://doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.2.264
Vicente, F., Santiago, C., Jiménez, J. D., & Martínez, A. (2017). Capacity of milk composition to identify the feeding system used to feed dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Research, 84(3), 254–263. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029917000383
Walther, B., Guggisberg, D., Badertscher, R., Egger, L., Portmann, R., Dubois, S., Haldimann, M., Kopf, K., Rhyn, P., Zoller, O., Veraguth, R., & Rezzi, S. (2022). Comparison of nutritional composition between plant-based drinks and cow’s milk. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.988707
Wang, J., Pham, T. L., & Dang, V. T. (2020). Environmental Consciousness and Organic Food Purchase Intention: A Moderated Mediation Model of Perceived Food Quality and Price Sensitivity. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3), Article 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030850
Welsh, J. A., Braun, H., Brown, N., Um, C., Ehret, K., Figueroa, J., & Boyd Barr, D. (2019). Production-related contaminants (pesticides, antibiotics and hormones) in organic and conventionally produced milk samples sold in the USA. Public Health Nutrition, 22(16), 2972–2980. https://doi.org/10.1017/S136898001900106X
Woś, K., Borghoff, L. M., Horvat, A., Paoletti, F., Civitelli, E. S., & Rembiałkowska, E. (2022). Preliminary Analysis of Voluntary Information on Organic Milk Labels in Four European Union Countries. Sustainability, 14(24), Article 16901. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416901
Yang, M., Deng, W., Cao, X., Wang, L., Yu, N., Zheng, Y., Wu, J., Wu, R., & Yue, X. (2020). Quantitative Phosphoproteomics of Milk Fat Globule Membrane in Human Colostrum and Mature Milk: New Insights into Changes in Protein Phosphorylation during Lactation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 68(15), 4546–4556. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06850
Zuba, M., Kowalska, A., Brodziak, A., & Manning, L. (2023). Organic Milk Production Sector in Poland: Driving the Potential to Meet Future Market, Societal and Environmental Challenges. Sustainability, 15(13), Article 9903. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15139903
Revista Bio Ciencias por Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit se encuentra bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Unported.
Basada en una obra en http://biociencias.uan.edu.mx/.
Permisos que vayan más allá de lo cubierto por esta licencia pueden encontrarse en http://editorial.uan.edu.mx/index.php/BIOCIENCIAS.licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 4.0 Internacional