Abstract
Continuous exposure to wood industry waste is associated with damage to genetic material. This study examined the frequency of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in oral mucosa cells of woodworkers to detect genomic instability and health risks. We collected 91 buccal mucosa samples from woodworkers and, as a control group, 73 office workers samples. Two thousand cells from each sample were analyzed under a fluorescence microscope (100x). The average age of participants was 38.0 ± 11.4. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.7 ± 4.7. In the dust-exposed group, 83.5% of participants were men, and 16.5% were women. Woodworkers participating in the study were exposed to 25 times the Threshold Limit Value-Time Weighted Average of 1 mg/m3. Increased DNA damage biomarkers, the appearance of binucleated cells, and programmed cell death biomarkers allow for identifying a higher health risk for woodworkers compared with the control group. The risks increase in exposed individuals who consume tobacco and alcohol. Woodworkers have a high occupational risk, evidenced by genotoxicity and cytotoxicity associated with exposure to high amounts of wood dust and solvents. The continuous monitoring of cito/genotoxicity biomarkers could be used to develop a systematic method applicable to several industrial sectors with high-risk individuals.
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