Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing different nosocomial infections. The bacterium has been reported to present intrinsic and acquired resistance to antibiotics due to the low permeability of its outer membrane, the overexpression of efflux pumps and the production of enzymes that degrade the antibiotic. The aim of the present study was to identify carbapenem resistance genes (metallo-β-lactamases VIM and IMP) in 50 strains of P. aeruginosa. The identification and antimicrobial susceptibility were performed using the automated VITEK-2 system. Subsequently, the rpoB, blaVIM and blaIMP genes were searched for by polymerase chain reaction; the phenotypic determination of metallo-b-lactamases was carried out by the double disk synergy test. The results obtained confirm that 100% of the strains analyzed correspond to P. aeruginosa. The sensitivity profile showed that 82% of the isolates were resistant to imipenem, while 46% were sensitive to amikacin; the presence of the blaIMP gene was evident in 90% of the isolates, being the most frequent, followed by blaVIM with 32% of the cases. Phenotypically, a positive result was obtained in 88% of the P. aeruginosa strains.
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