Efecto antibacterial, antifúngico, citotóxico y antioxidante de extractos de pulpa de guanábana

Abstract

In this study was evaluated the antibacterial (Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis), antifungal (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Rhizopus stolonifer), cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of three fractioned extracts (F1, F2 and F3) from fresh pulp, frozen pulp stored for 3, 6 and 12 months and heated pulp (70 ºC, 30 min). In general, F3 fractions of all treatments, were more effective as antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant, being the F3 fraction from fresh pulp that had the most antibacterial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes and Salmonella Typhimurium (18 and 20 mm of inhibitory halo, respectively); likewise, against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Rhizopus stolonifer with 59% and 38% of inhibition, and besides it presented the highest antioxidant activity. In contrast, the most cytotoxic activity (2.60-2.84 µg/mL) was measured in F1 fractions from fresh pulp and frozen pulp stored 3 months. The extracts from soursop pulp may be an alternative for the development of antibacterial herbal products, as pre-treatment for biological control of postharvest diseases, and they can be studied, by their high cytotoxicity since point of view pharmaceutic.