Resumen
La estimación de parámetros genéticos es esencial para garantizar el éxito de los programas de mejoramiento, ya que permite desarrollar criterios de selección adecuados y predecir respuestas correlacionadas. El objetivo del estudio fue estimar la heredabilidad y correlaciones genéticas para duración de la gestación (DG), intervalo entre partos (IEP), días a primer servicio posparto (DPS), edad a primer servicio (EPS), días abiertos (DA) y servicios por concepción (NSC) en ganado multirracial en condiciones tropicales. Los datos se analizaron con modelos univariados y bivariados con el programa MTDFREML, para obtener los componentes de covarianza. Las heredabilidades estimadas mediante los modelos univariados fueron 0.00, 0.02, 0.03, 0.10, 0.25, 0.29, para EPS, DA, NSC, IEP, DPS y DG, respectivamente. Las heredabilidades obtenidas mediante los modelos bivariados fueron 0.12, 0.27, 0.08, 0.26, 0.30 y 0.46, para EPS, DA, NSC, IEP, DPS, DG, respectivamente. Las correlaciones genéticas estimadas fueron 1.00, 1.00, 0.90, 0.97, 0.79, 0.70, 0.99, -1.00, -0.59, -0.47, -0.36, -0.40, -0.15, -0.06 y -0.05 para IEP-DA, IEP-EPS, DPS-IEP, DPS-DA, DPS-EPS, DG-EPS, DA-EPS, NSC-EPS, DG-IEP, DPS-NSC, DG-NSC, IEP-NSC, DG-DA, SPD-DG y NSC-DA, respectivamente. La heredabilidad para DG, DPS e IEP representa una oportunidad para mejorarlas a través de un programa de selección, mientras que, para EPS, DA y NSC los valores fueron cercanos a cero. Las correlaciones genéticas entre las características reproductivas hacen factible el planteamiento de programas de mejoramiento genético que puedan tomar en cuenta a las diferentes características estudiadas de manera simultánea.
Citas
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