Abstract
Psittacanthus calyculatus is a significant pest in Mexico distributed in the center and south, causing economic losses. To find an added value, a phytochemical profile was carried out to identify compounds with therapeutic activity. Two extraction methods were performed: methanol/acetone/water and aqueous. The phytochemical identification was through the use of reagents that caused a change in coloration, evidencing phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, among others. Phenols were quantified by Folin-Ciocalteu, finding a higher concentration (p< 0.03) in aqueous flower extraction (EAF) (32.84 ± 1.2 mg EAG/ml) than in methanol/acetone/flower water extraction (EMAAF), leaf extraction methanol/acetone/water (EMAAH) and aqueous leaf extraction (EAH) (13.71 ± 1, 20.1 ± 0.3, 12.39 ± 0.4 mg EAG/ml, respectively). Flavonoids were quantified by colorimetry, finding a higher concentration in EAF (49.8 ± 2 mg EC/ml) (p≤0.02) with respect to EMAAF, EMAAH and EAH (9.5 ±1, 20.4 ± 0.5 and 10.3 ± 5 mg EC/ml , respectively). The antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH, all the extracts showed antioxidant activity, according to the IC50 value for EMAAF and EMAAH they were 0.058 and 0.0035 mg/ml (p<0.03) respectively, for EAF and EAH they were 0.15 and 0.08 mg/ml (p<0.03) respectively. These results suggest that Psittacanthus calyculatus has an important antioxidant activity, this may be due to its phytochemical content, which suggests that this plant may be an important source of natural nutrients, with chemotherapeutic activity.
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