Abstract
There is a growing interest in the agro-food industry for mangosteen fruits and the cultivated surface in the Soconusco region, Chiapas, has increased, however, no study has been conducted on the physical-morphological characteristics of the fruits produced in the region. The present study describes the physical-morphological characteristics of the fruit of 10 mangosteen genotypes cultivated in Tuxtla Chico, Chiapas and using descriptive, cluster and canonical discriminant analysis, promising materials were defined for future genetic improvement programs. The fruits were stored at 23 °C, 70% R.H. and were analyzed completely at random at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days after harvest. The fruit mass ranged from 66 to 85 g, the diameter was 6 to 8 cm, and the height was 10 to 12 cm. The firmness of the pulp and peel increased during the postharvest from 1.3 to 2.4 N and 14.5 to 35 N respectively; during ripening, the color of the fruits showed a tendency between red and purple (h= 15 and 26) with low luminosity (L* between 24 and 32) and opaque (C* between 3 and 16). Three groups of trees were formed with 3, 5 and 2 members, according to the clustering analysis, based mainly on the fruit mass and diameter, peel thickness, peel weight and width and seed weight. Groups 1 and 3 presented the best quality characteristics and therefore show potential for genetic improvement.
KEY WORDS:
Morphological characterization, Garcinia mangostana, firmness, color, fruit
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