Resumen
La guineensina, un compuesto natural aislado de varias especies de plantas del pimiento es un inhibidor de la captación de endocannabinoides y probablemente un agonista indirecto del receptor CB1 (CB1R). Como inhibidor de la captación celular de AEA y 2-AG, se ha demostrado que la guineensina exhibe efectos cannabimiméticos; sin embargo, el papel de este compuesto en el control de la inflamación y la activación de los macrófagos aún no está del todo claro. En este trabajo usamos la línea celular THP-1 similar a los macrófagos humanos para estudiar el efecto de la guineensina. Cuando se estimula con lipopolisacárido (LPS) e IFN-γ, la guineensina aumenta la producción de IL-1β, TNF-α y proteína quimioatrayente de monocitos (MCP)-1 (las dos últimas hasta 2,5 veces). Curiosamente, cuando los macrófagos-like en reposo o los macrófagos-like estimulados con IL-4 e IL-13 (M2) fueron expuestos a la guineensina, los niveles de MCP-1 y de IL-8 disminuyeron significativamente. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre la fagocitosis y el estallido respiratorio (producción de ROS) en macrófagos activados tratados con guineensina. Estos resultados sugieren un resultado diferencial entre M1, M2 y macrófagos-like en reposo y la respuesta inmune cuando se expusieron a la guineensina.
Citas
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