Resumen
El transporte público (aéreo, marítimo y terrestre) puede albergar individuos potencialmente positivos para COVID-19, por lo que la epidemiología basada en agua residual puede emplearse para evitar su propagación. El presente estudio se enfocó en rastrear la presencia de SARS-CoV-2 en agua residual de tanques sépticos de autobuses provenientes de destinos nacionales e internacionales, así como en el sistema de drenaje de una terminal de autobuses. La detección se realizó mediante el protocolo de PCR-Tiempo Real establecido por el Centro para el Control y Prevención de Enfermedades de los Estados Unidos. SARS-CoV-2 fue detectado en 8.88 % de las muestras de autobuses y el sistema de drenaje de la terminal (4 de 45). Las muestras positivas se secuenciaron y se identificaron las variantes Delta y Ómicron como las más prevalentes. Nuestros resultados demuestran que la Epidemiología basada en aguas residuales (WBE) provee una herramienta sensible y confiable para identificar la presencia de individuos positivos para COVID-19 que arriban en autobuses a una ciudad. Asimismo, la WBE acoplada a secuenciación de genomas completos puede servir como alerta temprana para el rastreo y despliegue de medidas preventivas ante la introducción de variantes de preocupación.
Citas
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